The 12-day conflict initiated by the Zionist regime against Iran represents one of the most tragic and heart-wrenching episodes in contemporary history, particularly concerning international humanitarian law. This war primarily affected civilians – children, mothers, and families – resulting in a humanitarian catastrophe in urban areas of Iran. Among the numerous martyrs and wounded, the innocent faces of children, who had yet to grasp the essence of life, became a poignant symbol of the Iranian nation’s suffering.
This report, grounded in official statistics from relief and governmental agencies, provides a documented and emotive account of the names, ages, educational statuses, and personal stories of several martyred children and adolescents. It further highlights explicit violations of international conventions and fundamental humanitarian norms, as outlined in the texts of international law. This is not merely a statistical report; it is a narrative of futures extinguished before they could unfold – a human and legal document that demands recognition in legal forums and the awakened conscience of the global community.
Statistics on the Number of Child Martyrs
According to data from the Iranian Emergency Organization, 215 Iranian children and adolescents were injured, and 47 were martyred during the 12-day war against Iran (Hammihanonline, 2025, https://hammihanonline.ir/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87-23/44397-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B4%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%AF). The following is a list of 42 martyred children and adolescents:
Tara Hajimiri – 2nd Grade, Primary School
Matin Safaeian – 11th Grade, High School
Amirali Amini – 6th Grade, Primary School
Helena Gholami – Student
Milan Saber
Rayan Ghasemian
Reyhaneh Sadati Armeki – 7th Grade, Middle School
Fatemeh Sadati Armeki – 2nd Grade, Primary School
Ali Sadati Armeki
Armin Bakooyi – 10th Grade, High School
Zahra Zakerian Amiri
Fatemeh Zakerian Amiri
Ayma Zeinali – Student
Heida Zeinali
Zahra Barzegar
Parnia Abbasi
Parham Abbasi – 9th Grade, Middle School
Mahya Nikzad – 1st Grade, Primary School
Ehsan Ghasemi – 11th Grade, High School
Soheil Katooli – 5th Grade, Primary School
Servin Hamidian – 3rd Grade, Primary School
Ali Niazmand – Student
Motahareh Niazmand – Student
Fatemeh Niazmand – Student
Baran Eshraghi – 3rd Grade, Primary School
Mojtaba Sharifi – 3rd Grade
Fatemeh Sharifi – 7th Grade, Middle School
Mohammadreza Aghdasi – Student
Mohaddeseh Aghdasi – Student
Armin Mousavi – 1st Grade, Primary School
Mersana Bahrami – 2nd Grade, Primary School
Yasin Molaei
Mehrad Kheiri
Taha Behroozi – 1st Grade, Primary School
Alisan Jabbari – 1st Grade, Primary School
Mohammad Hossein Khaki – Student
Amirabbas Jafarabadi
Amirali ChatrAnbarin – 7th Grade, Middle School
Zahra Bahmanabadi – Student
Hanieh Bahmanabadi – Student
Alireza Fallah – Student
Mohsen Ta’aaati (Amarfact, 2025, https://amarfact.com/note/statistics-of-number-and-names-of-war-martyrs/)
Student Martyrs
Alireza Kazemi, the Minister of Education, announced the martyrdom of 30 students and 7 teachers; thus, out of the 47 martyred children and adolescents, 30 were students. According to official reports, the highest number of student martyrs was from the primary and lower secondary school levels. The Minister stated that 36 schools suffered significant damage due to their proximity to the attack sites and the impact of blast waves caused by Israeli aggression. Among the martyred students were professional athletes, and several were martyred alongside all members of their families. Tehran recorded the highest number of student martyrs among the cities in the country. In total, 14 female students and 16 male students lost their lives following attacks on residential areas in various cities (Hammihanonline, 2025, https://hammihanonline.ir/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87-23/42158-%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D9%87%D9%85-%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%87%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B5%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4-%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%B4%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF).
A Narrative of the Martyred Children
Amid the tragic events of the 12-day Israeli war against Iran, the names of innocent children became eternal symbols of victimhood. These children fell victim to malice and aggression before they had the opportunity to understand the world around them. Among them was Rayan Ghasemian, a two-month-old infant whose martyrdom plunged Iran into shock and grief. Rayan was the youngest martyr of the 12-day war, one of numerous civilian children who lost their lives due to Israel’s merciless and inhumane attacks on residential areas. His martyrdom became a painful emblem of the vulnerability of children in the face of unrestrained violence.
Rayan Ghasemian, an infant aged two months
Rayan Ghasemian was just 60 days old when his arrival filled his family’s home, alongside his five-year-old brother, with joy and excitement. Unfortunately, that joy was short-lived; following a devastating Israeli attack, Rayan succumbed to burns covering 80 percent of his small body, his frail and innocent form entirely wrapped in bandages. His brother, Kian, was also martyred in the same attack. In the aftermath, the innocent face of Mahya Nikzad rapidly became a media symbol of the suffering endured by defenseless children and victims of this human tragedy. Another victim was Seyed Ali Sadati Armeki, a four-year-old boy who, solely because his father was a scientist, was martyred along with his father, mother, two sisters, and grandparents in a single night – an entire family erased from existence. There was also Amirali Amini, a 12-year-old boy passionate about taekwondo, who, along with his father, ascended to the heavens amidst fire and smoke, leaving behind his mother and younger brother trapped under the silent rubble. Mehrad Kheiri, a five-year-old child, became yet another victim of Israel’s relentless actions against Iran. He was martyred alongside his mother, Zahra Ebadi, a social worker at Evin Prison. That day, as always, Zahra could not bring herself to leave Mehrad alone; she took him with her to work, unaware that it would be their last day together. In an instant, the deafening roar of an explosion shook everything; earth and sky seemed to collide. With all her strength, Zahra threw herself toward Mehrad to save him, but before her hands could reach her son, the ceiling collapsed, marking the tragic end of their story (IRNA, 2025, https://www.irna.ir/news/85883743/%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A8%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85)
The story of Mehrad and Zahra exemplifies the most selfless act of maternal love and the boundless cruelty of an aggressor that spared neither the mother nor the child. Their names, like extinguished stars, remain eternal in memory. These children are no longer just names; they are small legends that challenge the conscience of humanity, undeniable witnesses to a crime committed in full view of the world yet left unanswered.
Zahra and Fatemeh Zakerian Amiri also were only seven months and five years old (Rokna, 2025, https://www.rokna.net/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB%D9%87-245/1131766-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D9%BE%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B9%DA%A9%D8%B3-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C).
Among the children whose lives were forever silenced in the 12-day Israeli war against Iran, certain names shine as heartbreaking stories of entire families destroyed and futures stolen before their time – children whose only “crime” was being children.
Soheil Katooli, an 11-year-old student, was martyred alongside his grandmother, as if an entire generation of memories and familial affection had been buried under the rubble. Tara Hajimiri, an eight-year-old gymnast, ascended to the heavens with her father and mother – a hopeful, energetic, and beloved girl who left the practice hall forever. Zahra and Mohammadali Bahmanabadi were innocent siblings: Zahra was 11, and Mohammadali, an infant who had not yet grown his first tooth. In a heartbeat, both perished in their mother’s arms. Servin Hamidian, the eight-year-old daughter of Hadis Fakhari, an employee of the Social Security Organization, was another young martyr of this tragedy, martyred alongside her mother. Seyed Armin Mousavi, the youngest martyr from Khuzestan Province, died with his parents during an attack on residential areas -another family erased in an instant. Mohaddeseh and Mohammadreza Aghdasi, a 13-year-old girl and a 10-year-old boy, were tragically martyred alongside their father -children whose innocent aspirations were extinguished by the flames of hatred. Ayma and Heida Zeinali, two cherished sisters whose father, Alireza Zeinali, was a prominent figure in society, also perished with him, dimming yet another household’s light forever (IRNA, 2025, https://www.irna.ir/news/85883743/%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A8%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85).
These children and their families represent not only victims of a war crime but also silent symbols of injustice that continually challenge the world’s moral conscience with the haunting questions: Why? And until when?
Amid the numerous heartbreaking accounts of children who lost their lives during the 12-day conflict imposed by Israel against Iran, there are stories that profoundly resonate – narratives of children who never had the opportunity to attend school.
Taha Behrouzi and Alisan Jabari, two children from Tabriz, had recently been enrolled in the first grade of elementary school. A school bag, a drawing notebook, colored pencils, and a school uniform were dreams they cherished. They were filled with questions and excitement about their “first day of school,” unaware that this day would never arrive. Before the first school bell could ring, an explosion abruptly ended their lives. In Najafabad, another home fell silent forever. Fatemeh Sharifi, a seventh-grade student, and her younger brother Mojtaba, a third-grade student, were killed along with their parents in a brutal attack. A household once filled with laughter and study is now left with silence and dust-covered frames on the walls (Tasnimnews, 2025, https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1404/04/08/3344115/%D8%A8%DA%86%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%86%D9%87-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF-%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AA-20-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4-%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84)
These names are not merely a list of victims; they represent futures irrevocably altered. The sounds of school, play, a mother’s affection, and hope for tomorrow have been silenced forever.
Martyr Matin Safaeian, a teenager just months shy of his 16th birthday, was one of the promising stars of Iran’s next generation. A diligent and talented student at the Imam Musa Sadr School for Gifted Students, he had a bright future ahead. On the day of his martyrdom, Matin attended school as he did every day. At noon, after classes ended, he began his journey home via Tajrish Square; however, unlike any other day, he never reached his destination (Salamatnews, 2025, https://www.salamatnews.com/news/387561/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84). Midway through his route, Israel’s cowardly and merciless attack cut his life short; he, along with 30 other students, became a victim of a tragedy that devastated not only homes but also futures.
Matin was not merely a name on the list of martyrs but a symbol of the young lives that, before they could flourish, were extinguished beneath the rubble of enmity and hatred. The memory and legacy of these children will endure in the hearts of friends, families, and a community that will never forget them.
The Martyred Children
Violation of International Conventions and Fundamental Principles of International Humanitarian Law
The killing of Iranian children in Israeli attacks on residential areas in Iran represents a clear and multifaceted violation of international conventions and fundamental principles of international humanitarian law. Below is an outline of the most significant identified breaches, supported by references to relevant international legal instruments:
- Grave Breach of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
The 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child, to which Israel is a party, includes several provisions that emphasize the right to life, survival, development, and special protection for children during armed conflicts.
- Article 6: States Parties recognize that every child has the inherent right to life and shall ensure to the maximum extent possible the survival and development of the child (ICRC, 1989, https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/crc-1989/article-6).
- Article 38: States Parties shall take all feasible measures to ensure protection and care of children affected by armed conflict and shall refrain from targeting them or involving them in hostilities (ICRC, 1989, https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/crc-1989/article-38).
The direct targeting of residential areas resulting in the deaths of children constitutes a clear breach of these provisions and reflects a disregard for the fundamental rights of children.
- Violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention (1949) on the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War
The Fourth Geneva Convention was established to protect civilians, including children, during armed conflicts.
- Article 27: Stipulates respect for the person, honor, family rights, religious convictions, and lives of civilians (ICRC, 1949, https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/gciv-1949/article-27).
- Article 24: Calls for special protection for children, including the establishment of safe zones for them during armed conflicts (ICRC, 1949, https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/gciv-1949/article-24/commentary/1958).
Airstrikes directly targeting residential homes, schools, and medical centers that resulted in the deaths of children constitute a blatant violation of this convention.
- Breach of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (1977)
In the context of international armed conflicts, this protocol reinforces the principle of distinction between military objectives and civilians; civilian populations must never be made the object of attack, and attacks on civilian objects are prohibited. Article 77 specifically emphasizes the need for special protection of children during armed conflicts (ICRC, 1977, https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/pt/ihl-treaties/api-1977/article-77).
- Violation of Fundamental Principles of Customary International Law
Even if the attacking party (Israel) were not a party to, or had not accepted, certain treaties, universally recognized rules such as the principles of proportionality, distinction, precaution in attack, and the immunity of children and other civilians are part of customary international law, binding on all states. By disregarding these principles – particularly the requirement to distinguish between military targets and civilians – Israel has violated customary international law.
Conclusion
The systematic and intentional killing of Iranian children during Israel’s direct assaults on residential areas, schools, and families constitutes a clear violation of international humanitarian law and represents a profound failure of the international community to uphold human rights. The martyrdom of 47 children, the injury of 215 others, and the complete destruction of numerous families highlight the severity of this tragedy, which has been met with alarming international silence. The disregard for the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Fourth Geneva Convention, and Additional Protocol I, alongside the neglect of customary international law principles, illustrates that Israel, through a policy of systematically targeting civilians – particularly children – has engaged in repeated and egregious human rights violations.
Given that the killing of Iranian children in these attacks constitutes, under international legal standards, both a violation of human rights and a grave war crime, this issue demands immediate attention from international bodies such as the United Nations Security Council, the International Criminal Court, and the Human Rights Council. Additionally, it should be formally documented and submitted as legal cases to relevant international institutions for consideration by the global public.
This report advocates for urgent international action, the establishment of independent fact-finding committees, the referral of the matter to competent international tribunals, and the official recognition of these atrocities as war crimes. The martyred children of this region are not mere statistics; they are a testament to the erosion of global morality and the most overlooked victims of an inequitable world order. Conscientious individuals must ask: How long will the killing of children go unpunished?
Resources
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- ICRC (1989), Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989 – Article 38, Accessible at: https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/crc-1989/article-6
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